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January 26, 2025
September 5, 2024
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CSS
.center {
text-align: center;
}
.box {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
}
.box div {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
}
Python
for i in range(5):
print(i)
print("Mob Psycho 100", end="")
arr = [2, 4, 6, 3, 8, 10]
for index,value in enumerate(arr):
print(f"At Index {index} The Value Is -> {value}")
C
1. Array Initialization: Let's assume the array is int arr[] = {12, 11, 13, 5, 6} with n = 5.
2. Outer for loop setup:
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++)
Start with i = 1. The loop continues as long as i < n (in this case, n = 5).
The array index i represents the current element (called key) being inserted into the correct position in the sorted part of the array.
3. Iteration 1 (i = 1):
Current element (key):
int key = arr[i]; // key = arr[1] = 11
Set j = i - 1:
int j = i - 1; // j = 1 - 1 = 0
While loop starts:
while (j >= 0 && arr[j] > key) { arr[j + 1] = arr[j]; // Shift arr[j] to the right j--;}
First comparison:
Check if arr[j] > key: Is arr[0] > 11? Yes, because 12 > 11.
Shift arr[0] (12) to the right:
arr[j + 1] = arr[j]; // arr[1] = arr[0] = 12
Decrement j:
j--; // j = 0 - 1 = -1
While loop ends because j is now -1, which is not >= 0.
Insert key into the correct position:
arr[j + 1] = key; // arr[0] = 11
The array after this step is: {11, 12, 13, 5, 6}.
4. Iteration 2 (i = 2):
Set key = arr[2] = 13.
Set j = i - 1 = 1.
While loop checks: Is arr[1] > 13? No, because 12 < 13, so no shifting is needed.
Insert key in place: arr[2] = 13 (no change).
The array remains: {11, 12, 13, 5, 6}.
5. Iteration 3 (i = 3):
Set key = arr[3] = 5.
Set j = i - 1 = 2.
While loop starts:
First comparison: Is arr[2] > 5? Yes, because 13 > 5.
Shift arr[2] (13) to the right: arr[3] = 13.
Decrement j: j = 1.
Second comparison: Is arr[1] > 5? Yes, because 12 > 5.
Shift arr[1] (12) to the right: arr[2] = 12.
Decrement j: j = 0.
Third comparison: Is arr[0] > 5? Yes, because 11 > 5.
Shift arr[0] (11) to the right: arr[1] = 11.
Decrement j: j = -1.
Insert key into the correct position:
arr[j + 1] = key; // arr[0] = 5
The array after this step is: {5, 11, 12, 13, 6}.
6. Iteration 4 (i = 4):
Set key = arr[4] = 6.
Set j = i - 1 = 3.
While loop starts:
First comparison: Is arr[3] > 6? Yes, because 13 > 6.
Shift arr[3] (13) to the right: arr[4] = 13.
Decrement j: j = 2.
Second comparison: Is arr[2] > 6? Yes, because 12 > 6.
Shift arr[2] (12) to the right: arr[3] = 12.
Decrement j: j = 1.
Third comparison: Is arr[1] > 6? Yes, because 11 > 6.
Shift arr[1] (11) to the right: arr[2] = 11.
Decrement j: j = 0.
Insert key into the correct position:
arr[j + 1] = key; // arr[1] = 6
The array after this step is: {5, 6, 11, 12, 13}.
Summary:
Outer for loop: Starts from the second element (i = 1) and iterates through the array.
Inner while loop: Moves elements to the right if they are larger than the current element (key). This loop shifts elements until it finds the correct position for key.
Correct insertion: Once the correct position is found (or no shifting is needed), the key is inserted into the right position.
Correction in Your Understanding:
The outer for loop starts from i = 1, not i = 0.
The key is set to arr[i], and j is set to i - 1 (not 1 - 1 in general).
In the while loop, it continues shifting elements until an element smaller than key is found or the beginning of the array is reached (j >= 0).
Yes, you're almost correct in your interpretation! Let me clarify it step by step:
In Insertion Sort, the value at index 1 stays where it is unless it needs to be moved, and the value at index 0 does not directly become index 2—instead, elements that are larger than the current key are shifted to the right to make room for the key in its correct position.
Here's what's happening more accurately:
1. Key concept:
In each iteration, a key is selected (starting from index 1), and the elements before it are checked to see if they are larger than the key.
If an element is larger than the key, it is shifted to the right by one position to make space for the key.
2. Shifting vs. Moving:
The key is temporarily stored, and the algorithm checks if the elements before the key are larger than it.
Those larger elements are shifted to the right (not swapped directly), meaning their index is increased by 1.
After the shifting is done, the key is placed in its correct position.
Example Breakdown:
Let's take this array as an example:
arr[] = {12, 11, 13, 5, 6}
First iteration (i = 1):
Key: arr[1] = 11
Compare with arr[0] (which is 12):
12 is larger than 11, so shift 12 to the right:
The array becomes: {12, 12, 13, 5, 6}
Now, insert 11 into arr[0]:
The array becomes: {11, 12, 13, 5, 6}
So here, the value 12 (at index 0) was not moved to index 2 directly. Instead, it was shifted one position to the right (to index 1), and then 11 took its place at index 0.
Second iteration (i = 2):
Key: arr[2] = 13
Compare with arr[1] (which is 12):
12 is not larger than 13, so no shifting is needed.
The key 13 remains in its current position (arr[2]).
The array stays: {11, 12, 13, 5, 6}
Third iteration (i = 3):
Key: arr[3] = 5
Compare with arr[2], arr[1], and arr[0]:
All of them (13, 12, and 11) are larger than 5, so each of them is shifted to the right.
The array becomes: {11, 12, 13, 13, 6}, then {11, 12, 12, 13, 6}, then {11, 11, 12, 13, 6}.
Now, insert 5 into arr[0]:
The array becomes: {5, 11, 12, 13, 6}
Here, the elements from index 0 to 2 were shifted one position to the right, and then the key (5) was inserted at index 0.
Key Points:
The key value remains temporarily stored, and the other elements are shifted one by one.
The shift happens until the correct spot for the key is found.
The original values in the array are not directly "moved" to arbitrary positions; they are shifted only by one position, if necessary, to make room for the key.
Let me know if that clears it up!
JavaScript
for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
console.log(i)
}
const elem = document.getElementById('p');
function myFunction(p1, p2)
{
return p1 * p2;
}
Computer Science Update 2024